Preheat the oven to 350°F and line a large baking sheet with parchment paper.
To make the filling, beat the cream cheese in the bowl of a stand mixer, or large bowl and electric mixer, until smooth. Add the powdered sugar and beat until creamy. Beat in the egg until combined. Transfer to a bowl and set aside.
6 ounces cream cheese, 2 cups powdered sugar, 1 large egg
In a medium bowl, whisk together the cake flour, cornstarch, baking powder, and salt.
2 1/4 cups cake flour, 1 Tablespoon cornstarch, 2 teaspoons baking powder, 1/2 teaspoon salt
To the same mixing bowl as the filling, add the cream cheese and butter and beat on high speed until smooth, 1-2 minutes. Add the sugar and beat for another 2-3 minutes, until light and fluffy.
8 ounces full fat cream cheese, 1/2 cup unsalted butter, 1 1/2 cups granulated sugar
With the mixer running, add the egg, egg yolk, almond extract, and vanilla extract and continue to beat on medium speed until combined, 1-2 minutes, scraping down the bottom and sides of the bowl as needed.
1 large egg + 1 egg yolk, 1 teaspoon vanilla extract, 3/4 teaspoon almond extract
Add the dry ingredients and beat on medium-low until just combined. Do not over mix. The dough will be thick and sticky.
Add the powdered sugar to a small bowl. Use a medium cookie scoop (2 large Tablespoons) to scoop out the dough. Roll into a ball and then roll the dough into the powdered sugar. Arrange cookies on the baking sheet 2-3 inches apart.
1 cup powdered sugar
Use the back of a rounded tablespoon or your thumb to press a well into the center of each cookie. Fill each with a heaping teaspoon of the butter filling. You may have extra filling.
Bake for 11-13 minutes, until the edges are set and the butter filling has a light film on top. Cool on the baking sheet for 5 minutes then transfer to the wire rack to cool completely. Dust the cooled cookies with more powdered sugar and serve.